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An amino acid solution for parenteral nutrition of preterm & term newborns, babies , infants and young children​
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Excellent nutritional efficacy for growth and development, with high tolerance and safety.​
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Contains a well-balanced amino acids pattern with:
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52% essential amino acids
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Taurine which is an essential nutrient for neonates
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Cysteine & tyrosine that are not synthesized in sufficient amounts
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Low contents of methionine & phenylalanine due to their limited degradation rate
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For partial parenteral nutrition of infants (preterm and term newborns, babies) and young Children.
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May serve as part of total parenteral nutrition together with carbohydrates and fat as energy source, and vitamins, electrolytes and trace elements​
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Maximum daily dosage:​
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Age of 1 yr:
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1.5 – 2.5 g amino acids/kg body wt = 15 -25 ml/ kg body wt​
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Age of 2-5 yrs:
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1.5 g amino acids/kg body wt =15 ml/kg body wt​​
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Age of 6-14yrs:
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1.0 g amino acids/kg body wt =10 ml/kg body wt​​​
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Maximum infusion rate:
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up to 0.1 g amino acids / kg body weight / hour = 1.0 ml / kg body weight / hour.Maximum​​​
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Designed to meet pediatric patients' amino acids requirements, characterized by:
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High need for essential amino acids to ensure normal growth​
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Metabolic immaturity​
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Low capacity to compensate for metabolic inadequate amino acid intake​
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Taurine which is an essential nutrient for neonates:
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Physical & mental development throughout infancy and childhood​
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Immuno-modulatory effects (anti-inflammatory)​
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Enhancement of bile acid / bile acid flow, thus reducing hepatic insufficiency and cholestasis​
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Rino J. Senterre J; Is taurine essential for the neonates ? Biol Neonate 1977;32:73-6
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Kender BS. Taurine: An overview of its role in preventative medicine. Preventative Medicine 1989; 1:79-100
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Tyson JE, Lasky R, Flood D, Mize C, Picone T, Paule CL: Randomized trial of taurine supplementation for infants ≤1,300-gram birth weight: effect on auditory brainstem-evoked responses. Pediatrics 1989;83:406.
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Geggel HS. Amend ME, Heckenlively JR. Martin DE, Kopple JD: Nutritional requirement for taurine in patients receiving long-term parenteral nutrition. N. Engl J Med 1985; 312:142-146
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Oja, SS Kontro P. Taurine: In Handbook of Neurochemistry. 2nd ed. (A. Lajtha. Ed.)Vol.3.Plenum, New York, 1983. pp501
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Sturman JA, Gaull GE: Taurine in the brain and liver of the developing human and monkey. J. Neurochem1975;25:831-835
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Sebring L, Huxtable RJ:Taurine modulation of calcium binding to cardiac sarcolemma.J.Pharmacol.Exp.Therap 1985; 232:445-451
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Bernardi N: On the role of taurine in the cerebellar cortex: Area-ppraisal, Acta Physiol. Pharmacol. Latinoamer 1985;35:153-164
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Cooper A, Betts JM, Periera GR: Taurine deficiency in the severe hepatic dysfunction complicating total parenteral nutrition. J Pediatr Surg 1984;19:462
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Meehan JJ, Georgeson KE: Prevention of liver failure in parenteral nutrition-dependent children with short bowel syndrome. J Pediatr Surg 1997;32:473-475
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Emudianughe TS, Caldwell J. Smith RL: The utilization of exogenous taurine for the conjugation of xenobiotic acids in the ferret. Xenobiotica 1983;13:133-138
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Sturman JA:Taurine in development. J Nutr 1988;118:1169
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Gaull GE, Wright CE, Tallan HH: Taurine in human lymphoblastoid cells: uptake and role in proliferation. In Sulfur Amino Acids: Biochemical and Clinical Aspects (Kuriyama RJ. Huxtable and H. Iwata Eds.). A.R. Liss, New York, 1983. pp297
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Pasantes-Morales H, Wright CE, Gaull GE: Taurine protection of lymphoblastoid cells from iron-ascorbate-induced damage. Biochem. Pharmacol 1985;34:2205-2207
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Wright GE. Tallan HH, Lin YY: Taurine Biological update. Annu. Rev. Biochem 1985;55:427-453
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Thursten JH, Hauhart RE, Dirgo JA: Taurine: A role in osmotic regulation of mammalian brain and possible clinical significance Life Sci 1980;26:1561-1568.
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Redmont HP, Stapleton PP, Nearly P, Bouchier-Hayes D: Immuno-nutrition: the role of taurine. Nutrition 1998; 14:599-604
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Howard D, Thompson DF: Taurine: an essential amino acid to prevent cholestasis in neonates? Ann Pharmacother 1992; 26:139
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Guertin F, Roy CC, Lepage G, Perea A, Giguere R, Yousef I, Tuchweber B: Effect of taurine on total parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis. JPEN 1991; 15:247-251
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Hofmann AF, and Small DM: Detergent properties of bile salts: Correlation with physiological function. Anne Rev. Med 1967; 18:333-376
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Stratman C, Goebel HJ, Abel M. Holzki J: Taurine in the new born and infant undergoing surgery. Adv. Exp Med Biol 1995;359:411-2
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Teitelbaum DH, Cora AG: Perioperative nutritional support in pediatrics. Nutrition 1998; 14:130-142
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Zlotkin SH, Bryan MH, Anderson GH: Cysteine supplemenatation to cysteine free intravenous feeding regimens in newborn infants. AM J Clin Nutr 1981b;43:914
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Zoltkin SH, Anderson SH: The development of cystathionase activity during the first year of life. Pediatr Res 1982; 16:65
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Clark SE, Karn CA, Ahlrichs JA, Wang J, Leitch CA, Liechty EA, Denne SC: Acute changes is leucine and phenylalanine kinetics produced by parenteral nutrition in premature infants. Pediatr Res 1997;41:568-574
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Phase III clinical Trial: Aminoven ®Infant 10%, Fresenius Kabi GmbH, unpublished data 1994
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Castillo L, Yu YM, Marchini JS, Chapman TE, Sanchez M, Young VR, Burke JF: Phenylalanine and tyrosine kinetics in critically ill children with sepsis. Pediatr Res 1994;35:580-588
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Roberts SA, Ball RO, Filler, RM , Moore AM, Pencharz PB: Phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism in neonates receiving parenteral nutrition differing in pattern of amino acids, Pediatr Res 1998;44:907-91